Lees Philosophy To Kill A Mock :: essays research papers

Nelle harper Lee&8217s Philosophy on the Proper Treatment of Human Beings in To wipe out A Mockingbird The 1930&8217s were a time in which blacks faced many hardships. It was a time in which the Ku Klux Klan had its peak. However, most importantly, it was the time when Nelle Harper Lee, the writer of To Kill A Mockingbird, was cosmos raised. She was raised in a world where &8220niggers were the bottom class in one of the most powerful countries in the world. She was also being raised during the Great Depression, a time when the attacks on blacks were intensified, as they were the scapegoats of the immense downfall of the US economy. However, she was only a small, innocent infant who believed in equivalence for all. Thus, Harper Lee expressed her disapproval over the intercession of blacks in her Award-Winning novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, through the eyes of a fictional function called Jean Louise Finch, better known as &8220 ticker.Scout, the main character in the story, grew up in Maycomb County a fictional town in Alabama providential by the Monroe County, Harper Lee&8217s hometown. Scout&8217s father, Atticus Finch, was a defense attorney during the Great Depression. Just wish well everyone in Maycomb County, his economical conditions were very poor. Judge Taylor assigns him the task of defending Tom Robinson, a married black man accused of raping the eldest daughter of dock Ewell, the head of a family that &8220&8230had been the disgrace of Maycomb for three generations.As the story progresses, Scout slowly becomes introduced into the world of hatred, unfairness, and racism that the 1930&8217s exposed. Nevertheless, since Scout still had both her pureness and naivete, due to her previous(p) age, she completely expressed total disapproval towards the treatment of blacks during the time of her childhood. The author portrays this disapproval through Dill and Jem, Scout&8217s friend, and Scout&8217s brother, respectively, as shown here by Dill, &82 20&8216I don&8217t care one speck. It ain&8217t right to do &8216em that way. Hasn&8217t anybody got any blood talkin&8217 like that&8212it just makes me sick.&8217Various characters&8217 reactions to the verdict emphasize Lee&8217s feelings toward racial injustice. During the Tom Robinson trial, Atticus could not have depicted his evidence in a more professional and convincing manner. Unfortunately, Tom Robinson was found guilty by the jury and was sentenced to death. Atticus&8217s son, Jem, expresses his rejection to the unfair treatment of blacks by stating, &8220&8216How could they do it, how could they?Lees Philosophy To Kill A Mock essays research papers Nelle Harper Lee&8217s Philosophy on the Proper Treatment of Human Beings in To Kill A Mockingbird The 1930&8217s were a time in which blacks faced many hardships. It was a time in which the Ku Klux Klan had its peak. However, most importantly, it was the time when Nelle Harper Lee, the writer of To Kill A Mockingbird, wa s being raised. She was raised in a world where &8220niggers were the bottom class in one of the most powerful countries in the world. She was also being raised during the Great Depression, a time when the attacks on blacks were intensified, as they were the scapegoats of the immense downfall of the US economy. However, she was only a small, innocent child who believed in equality for all. Thus, Harper Lee expressed her disapproval over the treatment of blacks in her Award-Winning novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, through the eyes of a fictional character called Jean Louise Finch, better known as &8220Scout.Scout, the main character in the story, grew up in Maycomb County a fictional town in Alabama inspired by the Monroe County, Harper Lee&8217s hometown. Scout&8217s father, Atticus Finch, was a defense attorney during the Great Depression. Just like everyone in Maycomb County, his economic conditions were very poor. Judge Taylor assigns him the task of defending Tom Robinson, a marrie d black man accused of raping the eldest daughter of Bob Ewell, the head of a family that &8220&8230had been the disgrace of Maycomb for three generations.As the story progresses, Scout slowly becomes introduced into the world of hatred, unfairness, and racism that the 1930&8217s exposed. Nevertheless, since Scout still had both her innocence and naivete, due to her premature age, she completely expressed total disapproval towards the treatment of blacks during the time of her childhood. The author portrays this disapproval through Dill and Jem, Scout&8217s friend, and Scout&8217s brother, respectively, as shown here by Dill, &8220&8216I don&8217t care one speck. It ain&8217t right to do &8216em that way. Hasn&8217t anybody got any business talkin&8217 like that&8212it just makes me sick.&8217Various characters&8217 reactions to the verdict emphasize Lee&8217s feelings toward racial injustice. During the Tom Robinson trial, Atticus could not have portrayed his evidence in a more pro fessional and convincing manner. Unfortunately, Tom Robinson was found guilty by the jury and was sentenced to death. Atticus&8217s son, Jem, expresses his rejection to the unfair treatment of blacks by stating, &8220&8216How could they do it, how could they?

SAINT JOHN BOSCO Essay -- essays research papers

can Bosco was born on August 16, 1815, to a poorfarming family in Becchi, a handsome suburb of Turin,Italy. The child grew to be the Beloved Apostle ofYouth. One of John Boscos earliest recollectionsoccurred at age two. He remembers his mother tellinghim upon his sires death , You squander no fathernow. Although he stated that he could not rememberwhat his father was like , his death mustiness have had aprofound effect on him and perhaps sparked his desireto help troubled boys, many of whom were fatherless. I cannot say that I have suffered the dismission of a closefamily member and can only imagine the effect it couldhave on my life. From the time he was a young child, John Bosco seemedto have a clear understanding of Gods ways and whathe didnt understand was often made clear to him byhis mother milliampere Margaret. She seemed to know, evenat an early age, that her son was destined to do goodin the name of God. She taught him by example from anearly age and continued to nu triment him and exclusively hisgood works throughout his life. She eventually joinedhim at he Oratory and became Mother to hundreds ofboys. Her positive influence was felt by all of thoseboys. It was almost as if the Blessed Mother workedthrough her good example and words of wisdom. Mama Margaret warned her son to beware of bad boysyou may meet on your journey through life. and askedhim one day, Why do you go with such bad boys? How many mothers have echoed similar words? Howconfident John Bosco was in the power of his goodexample when he replied, If I am with them they arebetter and do not say bad words. Wouldnt this worldbe a better place if we all had such confidence andfaith in the power our own good example. As a young child, John Bosco had the ability toattract young boys. He went out of his way to studytraveling show folk to learn acrobatic and manual dexterityof hand tricks to entertain the boys who would gatheraround him. After a performance he would discuss asermon from a recent Mass or lead the group in a hymn.If people started to leave he would tell them thatthey couldnt come back and see more tricks unlessthey stayed for the sermon. Of course they remained. At age nine John had a dream that clearly indicatedhis intentions of becoming a priest. Mama Margaretunderstood this dream and set out to educate her sonand prepare him for First Holy Communio... ...ready does exist, but we haventtaken notice yet. I have to admit that mothers seemto have this ability to champion when we are about to getinto trouble whether we know it or not. Needless to say, John Bosco worked tirelessly for hisboys. A doctor had commented that his body seemedlike that of a much older man. Perhaps that wasbecause John Bosco never refused a request from anyonein need. He gave generously of his time, his energy,and his wisdom. He died on January 31, 1888 and wascanonized in 1934.While class period this book I could not help but recognizethe similarities between John Boscos Or atories andour school. There is clearly a feeling of brotherhoodamong the students at Don Bosco Prep. I remember howwe all laughed during orientation when we were toldabout this feeling of brotherhood, but all of us nowagree that it exists. We are led by the good exampleof our teachers and priests, are made to follow a codeof discipline, and are provided academic and religiousinstruction. It is an atmosphere that guides us inchoosing between dependable and wrong and hopefully givesus confidence and faith in the power of our own goodexample. The work of Saint John Bosco continues

Transformational Leadership in Safety :: essays research papers

Running head TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND SAFETYTransformational Leadership and SafetyTransformational Leadership and SafetyThe Postal Service in Baton Rouge and cities most the nation has a poor reputation when it comes to rubber eraser and health of its employees. In an attempt to debunk this unjust accusation, Management and craft employees alike set off to accomplish a task never before achieved by a postal facility with more than 20 employees. Many managers in the Southwest athletic field thought it suicide to invite the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) in for an inspection and try to achieve the highest recommendation obtainable, the coveted STAR award. The plants 491 employees, supervisors and managers development transformational leadership, prepared for and accomplished this achievement in only 90 days.Transformational Leadership by definition is the broadening and elevating of the awareness, acceptance and attitudes of the workforce beyond their personal stakes for the good of a group or company (Bass, 1990) Management, union officials, and craft employees acting as resort captains, worked together to motivate the workforce to see a bigger picture. The first and most important task was building a relationship of trust.The Postal Service is notorious for discipline of its employees when something goes wrong but is diminish to reward these same employees for a job well done. The Plant Manager at Baton Rouge, Joseph Tate a 42-year veteran of the service, decided that charisma, intellectual stimulation and individualise consideration, as discussed by Sally A. Carless (1998) were necessary in achieving a cultural change. He believed that in order to achieve a STAR rating the employees would come to come onboard. With the blessings of the Louisiana District office, he instituted a new gum elastic program that was fashioned after that of Dow Chemical, 3-M and other industry leaders. Employee involvement, as in every(prenom inal) industrial success, was the key. Employees selected their own safety captains from the craft workers. Instead of the supervisors of each unit giving the same old boring safety talks, it was now the responsibility of the safety captains to present relevant safety information for each unit. Safety captains gathered information throughout the week, and used examples, tasks, tools and materials used within the unit for these talks. Weekly safety meetings became participative and interesting from the onset. Monthly meetings attended by the safety captains, the plant manager, and the district safety manager proved extremely productive. Monthly safety contests with prizes, job safety analysis completed by the employees themselves, additional OSHA sanctioned training, and a safety information centers on the workroom floor were but a few of the ideas implemented.

Salem Essay -- essays research papers

ESSAY SALEM In 1692 in Salem Massachusetts a horrible chain of events occurred. A massive witch hunt began and a tidal wave of fear and suspicion swept over the tight knit Puritan town of Salem. A small group of girls began accusing the town of witchcraft and the majority of the town believed these claims and full trials were held. If the accused victims did not confess to committing witchcraft it was more than likely that they would be put to death, hung in front of the town. Arthur milling machine portrays this event in his novel The Crucible. The theme of Authority and Power is vital in The Crucible because of the abuses of power, the need for secure and the absolute belief in chest of drawers figures lead to the witch hunt. Throughout the witch hunt the abuses of power are prevalent. The abuse was broad spectrum and everyone from the accusing girls to the judge are involved. Abigail Williams is the leader of the girls. She begins this charade in order to go on herself and th e other girls from the punishment that they would have been handed down for them dancing in the woods. Abigail being a conniving girl sees the opportunity to save herself and seek revenge on people from the town who she feels "hate her and are trying to blacken her name in the community"(p.24 ). Abigail forces the other girls to go along with her plan by threatening them and forcing them to follow her "either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will summon to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you "(p.20). Together the girls begin to annihilate what was once a close community. Abigail is not alone in the abuses of power. The judge, Danforth has fallen under the girls spell and believes in them completely. Since he believes that the girls are right and decides that there is no way and accused person could actually be innocent. Due to this and judge Danforths ego he sen ds many people to their deaths still claiming innocence. Not only does Danforth pooh-pooh to hear opposition to the existence of witchcraft he creates the front that anyone who doubts that witchcraft is in Salem is trying to undermine the court (p. ). However it is apparent that he just does not want his authority to be questioned or his reputation tarnished. Danforth and Abigail are able to accomplish this becaus... .... Their beliefs that the girls are right has forced them to fear that they world power be accused next. Abigail even dares say this to Danforth "Let you beware, Mr. Danforth. Think you be so mighty that the power of Hell may not turn your marbles? Beware of it" (p.108) Danforth does not pay attention to this but other members of the community do. They are afraid to do or say anything against Abigail or the girls even though the town believes that the girls are telling the truth. The witch hunt that occurred in The Crucible can be attributed to the theme o f Authority and Power and since the community believed in those in a position of power, the abuses that these people did and their need for control increased the severity of the events. Had the town not placed such power in the hands of these girls and in the hands of strangers such as Rev. Hale and judge Danforth many lives would have been saved. The beliefs of the town gave those in a position of power a want for control and they began to stop at nothing to achieve that. The massacre of innocent people in Salem is a tragic event in history which is portrayed quite accurately in Arthur Millers The Crucible. Word Count 1223

F. Scott Fitzgeralds Short Story, Winter Dreams Essay -- F. Scott Fit

F. Scott Fitzgeralds Short Story, pass Dreams In F. Scott Fitzgeralds short story, Winter Dreams, ambitious, desirous dextral stands at the threshold between admiring glittering things and finding out that the glittering things he admires fade away sooner or later. Dexters character throughout this short story, changes in humanityy ways, from being un certified of what he really wanted in life to being aware of what he actually became.Dexter in the story started off as a really young boy who worked as a caddy at a golf course. There he met Miss Jones for the very first time. Judy Jones was a beautiful, young woman who came from a glittery family, yet was also very cunning with her preposterous smile . Dexter was very neurasthenic when it came to being with Miss Jones. In the beginning Dexter would be very shy but would always want to talk to her. She was the no end of misery to a great number of men. As time elapses in the story, Dexter becomes an independent man but still think s of Judy. He becomes much older and begins running laundry businesses. He became a man that people would call Now theres a boy. Even though the people who knew him would say that about him, he still didnt feel that tremendous superiority. He felt mundane as if he really had not achieved anything. What Dexter felt was sinuous. What he needed was a companion with whom he can listen to Chin-Chin and The Count of capital of Luxembourg and the Chocolate Soldier, and he thought it ...

F. Scott Fitzgeralds Short Story, Winter Dreams Essay -- F. Scott Fit

F. Scott Fitzgeralds Short Story, Winter Dreams In F. Scott Fitzgeralds terse story, Winter Dreams, ambitious, desirous Dexter stands at the threshold between admiring glittering things and finding out that the glittering things he admires fade away sooner or later. Dexters character throughout this short story, changes in many ways, from cosmos unaware of what he really wanted in life to being aware of what he actually became.Dexter in the story started off as a very young boy who worked as a caddy at a golf course. There he met Miss Jones for the very first time. Judy Jones was a beautiful, young woman who came from a glittery family, but was in addition very cunning with her preposterous smile . Dexter was very neurasthenic when it came to being with Miss Jones. In the beginning Dexter would be very faint-hearted but would always want to talk to her. She was the no end of misery to a great number of men. As time elapses in the story, Dexter becomes an autonomous man but still thinks of Judy. He becomes much older and begins running laundry businesses. He became a man that people would call Now on that points a boy. Even though the people who knew him would say that about him, he still didnt feel that tremendous superiority. He felt everyday as if he really had not achieved anything. What Dexter felt was sinuous. What he needed was a companion with whom he can listen to Chin-Chin and The account of Luxemburg and the Chocolate Soldier, and he thought it ...

Morality and Religion Essay

There is a close relationship between morality and ethics but they do not mean the aforementioned(prenominal) thing. On the early(a) hand, anti-morality and anti-nature are aspects, which negate vital instincts. Friedrich Nietzsche is a renowned philosopher who criticized social laws, religion, and honorable in a radical manner. Nietzsche argues that, anti-nature refers to the cerebration of allowing human being existences to coerce others into adopting their beliefs and ethics (Friedrich 404). Friedrich Nietzsche had a personal belief that morality is anti-nature.In item, Nietzsche states that, Every naturalism in morality-that is every health morality-is dominated by an instinct of life (349). Indeed, Nietzsche helps us to define the idea of anti-nature by asserting that a human being is seemingly refuting the reality by denying their personal passion. In fact, according to Nietzsche and his moral philosophy, the healthiest moralities have got natural aspects while the unhe althy moralities negate nature. Nature subtracts human trusts, which consequently define individual personality and how human beings behave.Nietzsche observes that human beings should have the free entrust to choose what they want without coercion from any external forces. He further quotes that, Anti-natural molarity-that is almost every morality which has so far been taught, revered, and preached-turns conversely against the instincts of life it is upbraiding of these instincts (349). He also disputes the common notion that religions like Christianity drive human life and consequently asserts that religion and dominance of morality inhibits human nature.In this context, Nietzsche argues that strong followers of a veritable religion ignore the nature of humanity since religion forces individuals to behave in a manner that will please the coercive ruler of the reference religion. Friedrich Nietzsche holds that religion especially Christianity opposes human nature because it g ives a leeway to individuals to adopt religious doctrines about human life hence constraining individuals from celebrating nature. Indeed, Nietzsche states that the most general foundation of every religion and morality is, Do this and that, refrain from this and that,-then you will be happy (352)He uses this explanation to run on the belief of anti-nature in morality. Notably, Nietzsche refers to morality as anti-nature by asserting that human desires control what individuals do, do not do, and confirms that morality draws away the course of nature. Nevertheless, various philosophers identify with the fact that nature generates human desires that consequently define human personality and morality. However, I strongly oppose Nietzsches notion that human nature is pr wiz to alternation by both morality and religion.Most specifically, I note that Nietzsche depicts religious volume like Christians as hypocrites who can do anything to please God at the outgo of altering their huma n nature. Ideally, Christians are rational beings who do not have such morality. Indeed, very few Christians would identify with Nietzsches argument since his ideas discourage Christians from next their religion. Notably, Nietzsches argument that religion alters human nature by allowing Christians to adopt different aspects of life that prevent them from celebrating life is misguided.This is because Christians have moral philosophy that allow them to sleep together their lives just like any other person. In fact, his argument is not universal since it only addresses Christians thus leaving a significant population out. Assuredly, Nietzsche discourages people from adopting religions doctrines that alter human passions but encourages people to follow their human desires (Jacobus 67). I also oppose Nietzsches argument since it does not support religion and thus discourages many Christians from adopting his sketchs.In fact, I will compare Nietzsches moral philosophy with Iris Murdoc hs philosophy with a view of disregarding the assertions of Nietzsches reference to morality as anti-nature. Notably, Iris Murdoch addresses the concept of morality where she incorporates religion in addressing morality. In fact, her argument does not discourage the borrowing of religious doctrines in morality thus attracting the attention of Christians and other religious people. Unlike, Nietzsche who blames religion for altering human nature and passions, Murdoch believes that religion affects morality in a positive manner.Nietzsche uses the naturalistic perspective to support his argument where the naturalistic perspective on religion contradicts with the idea of human beings by taking the business of controlling their given passions and nature. More so, Nietzsches criticism on the effects of religion on human morality does not correlate with any religious, philosophical, social, or diachronic example and hence its irrationality. As such, Nietzsches argument lacks logic to me . On the other hand, Nietzsche does not incorporate the idea of human responsibility, which every human being should adopt.In fact, the act of satisfying individual responsibility is a moral behavior that resides outside the premises of religion. Actually, some philosophers like Murdoch claims that religion improves right morals by instilling a conviction and belief of doing the right things while out of control. Indeed, religion plays a noble role of encouraging humans to condense by the code of ethics set by the government or any relevant institution. In fact, Murdoch asserts that religion plays a huge role in generating someones morals by instilling the urge to remain focused on individual objectives.She further confirms that human nature accommodates the aspect of fulfilling ones responsibility. With this argument, we can derive that religion does not alter human nature and that responsibilities propel human beings to decide and behave in a certain manner. Again, this assertion is stronger than that of Nietzsche, which claims that religion inhibits human nature. Michael Gazzaniga seemingly opposes Nietzsche ideologies in some way. According to Gazzaniga, people who believe in religion would only be classified down the stairs Nietzsche ideology of anti-nature if they allowed religion to take over their life (Jacobus 415-420).It is agreeable that some religion fanatics have taken religion to control everything in their life. Therefore, such people would simply be anti-nature as argued by Nietzsche. However, the majorities of religious people have not gone to the extremities of religion and therefore, according to Gazzaniga, they are living normal lives naturally. Nietzsche limits discussions and contributions of other philosophers and commands the audience to believe in his beliefs. Indeed, Nietzsche is an anti-realist about morality.This is because he does not abhor his positive views on morality and equally refutes all criticism against his views. In fac t, he disregards any opinion that contradicts his own and thus his rhetoric character on morality. Indeed, he denies the objective of morality by believing that human beings have the responsibility of determining their morality, a fact Gazzaniga negates when he says that those who have control of religion have control of nature and morality as well (Jacobus 415-420).At the same time, Nietzsches argument lacks the support of any political philosophy since his views lack a systematic approach about the society. On the other hand, Murdoch does not let out with finality, encourages the participation of other philosophers, and accords the audiences free will to accept his argument. Such a leeway only allows individuals to buy Murdochs argument with a view of amend it and rejecting Nietzsches argument since it is discouraging to Christians and is seemingly irrational. Moreover, Nietzsches argument only presents what is wrong but does not present what is right while Murdoch helps us to d erive the difference between right and wrong morals.Notably, Nietzsche argues that human beings cannot redeem themselves after neglecting their nature desires. This assertion is wrong since human beings always have a desire to fix their wrongs with a view of becoming better people in the society. Moreover, contrary to Nietzsches argument, it is factual that individuals can only achieve their goals by followers their convictions and beliefs and denying their human desires, which mostly lead to immorality. Notably, religion derives this conviction, which encourages followers to adopt good morals and avoid sin as it leads to punishment.This negates Nietzsches claim that religion alters human nature and that human desires define morality. As such, I dispute Nietzsches views, which discourage religion from instilling the right morals and consequently identify with the idea that humans have the capacity to define their morals naturally. I agree that our morals depend on our conviction an d not our desires as Nietzsche claims. Additionally, I protest with Nietzsches idea that nature plays no role in defining our morals since nature plays a significant role in determining our behaviors.As such, I reject Friedrich Nietzsches assumption that morality is anti-nature. Works Cited Friedrich, Nietzsche. The Selected Writings of Friedrich Nietzsche. Lanham Start Publishing LLC, 2013. Internet resource. Jacobus, Lee. A World of Ideas Essential Readings for College Writers. New York Bedford/St. Martins, 2009. Print. Nietzsche, Friedrich. faith as Anti-Nature. 347-356. Murdoch, Iris, Morality and religion. Jacobus 363-371 Gazzaniga, Michael. Toward a Universal Ethics. Jacobus 419-431.

Human Capital Management Essay

It is important for HR oversight in managing the companionship keen of an establishment and aligning it with organizations strategic plan. critically assess the strategic affair of HCM and challenges of managing the acquaintance capital in an organization that you ar familiar. The organization that I would like to choose is Jabatan Pelajaran Negeri Terengganu (JPNT). JPNT lies of more than 400 hands and this agency is creditworthy for administrative and policy executi oner of Ministry of Education in the whole Terengganu. In JPNT, there is a small unit of humans imaginativeness Department and this section has 20 caters.However, until the last day of my service there, the HR department did not establish any single policy about kind-hearted capital circumspection. Therefore I go out attempt to answer this question while recommending what should be through with(p) by JPNT to succeed in maximizing their gentlemans gentleman capital. Before we discuss further the strateg ic utilization of HCM and challenges that had to be overcome by HCM specialist, let us look at the technical definition of this question. acquaintance capital is define by Business Dictionary as the know how that results from the experience, information, knowledge, learning, and skills of the employees of an organization.Of all the factors of production, knowledge capital creates the longest lasting competitive returns. It may consist entirely of technical information or may reside in the actual experience or skills acquired by the individuals (BusinessDictionary. com 2012) . Knowledge capital is an essential character of human capital. Human Capital is defined by (Baron and Armstrong 2007) as the knowledge, skills, abilities and capacity to develop and innovate possessed by muckle in the organization. This is one of the attributes of the flat coat capital.Intellectual capital is defined by the same author as the stocks and flows of knowledge available to an organization. It is categorized into three categories namely human capital, social capital and organizational capital. These capitals atomic number 18 usually combined with the physical resources which are the financial and physical assets for the purpose of appraise creation to the dissipated. As cited by (Sveiby 1998)Tom Stewart who in his June 1991 bind Brain Power How Intellectual Capital Is Becoming Americas Most Valuable Asset, proposed the importance of intellectual capital to the management agenda.He defined intellectual capital in his article as the sum of everything everybody in your company knows that gives you a competitive edge in the market place. Knowledge Management consists of managerial activities that focus on the development and control of knowledge in an organization to fulfill organizational objectives. (Sveiby 1998) Therefore it meat that the integration of all management activities that focus on development and control of knowledge is what we call as knowledge manageme nt.Challenges of managing knowledge capital in JPNT leave be diffused unneurotic as I explained about the role of HCM in the organization. Knowledge management is defined as the process of storing and sharing the wisdom, understanding and expertise accumulated in an organization about its processes, techniques and operations (Baron and Armstrong 2007). Therefore, the entropy that should be synthesized and acquired should explain the organizations activity for pillowcase the achievement of the employees in knowledge sharing among them and crack that the knowledge is maximized in terms of its usage.Everybody must share their skill, knowledge and experience without any malicious intentions for the purpose of maximizing the performance of JPNT. However, it brings challenges to HR specialist in JPNT as it is not a culture of sharing. Some of the staffs afraid to share their know how because they thought that by doing so, it might jeopardized their career envelopment in the future. H R specialist overcomes this by implementing a fair assessment indicator to measure their performance without favoritism, nepotism and biasness.In my opinion, the most important attributes that distinguish Human Resource (HR) with Human Capital Management is the element of the workers as assets. As discussed by (Baron and Armstrong 2007) human capital theory emphasized on regarding people as assets of the organization, and investment in people lead generate long agitate return. Scarborough and Elias noted that human capital theory is similar to physical capital theory but they discord in terms of the reference for human capital theory is crop to people and skills while in physical capital theory reference is made to plant and equipments.Both emphasized on value creations to firm. Thus by applying this theory, JPNT needs to redefine the cost associated with training and development and career progression as the investment that will create value for the agency. Staff that undergoes training must be ensured that the new skills matched with their job description and the staff is using that new knowledge in ball club to effectively execute their job. For instance, the weekly training is not supposed to be done by the JPNT if on the purpose of fulfilling the quotas of training hours. honorarium is not under JPNTs jurisdictions even so JPNT feces recommend the salary of their staff to PSD (Public Service Department). Accepting staff as the asset of the organization will be mutually benefit to both parties involved. On the employees part, they will be feeling more motivated, appreciated thus will contribute snap off in their performances. As for the organization, it will boost the overall organizations performance, decrease turnover rate, absenteeism and other negative behavior of the staffs.However this theory is not agreed by some scholar for instance Davenport(1999). Davenport argued that worker must not be treated as assets because of three main reasons. T he first of all reason is workers cannot be brought, sold and replaced by their owner. Secondly, the principle of this theory is unacceptable and inappropriate in practice is because workers cannot be owned by the firm as the firm owned plants and machines. Lastly, there is not absolute way of calculating human value-no convincing method of attaching financial value to human resources.Therefore, treating workers sorely based on assets can create drawback to the organization. The interpretation of this concept should be made carefully and it should match with the objective of the organization. It is also not an easy task to convince the take in management since the culture of bureaucracy is very strong in JPNT. The next part, I will discuss about the strategic role of HCM. HCMs role as stated in the book Human Capital Management by Baron and Armstrong, HCM acts as ancestry henchman of the firm.Secondly, they are also responsible in developing, analyzing and using calling data. Thirdly, they are also responsible for enhancing job liaison and commitment, fourthly, they are responsible to build Business Case and lastly, they are also responsible for engaging with the other function of the organization. (Baron and Armstrong 2007)These points will be elaborated one by one in below. For the first one HCM acts as the business partner with the blossom management of the organization.This concept was introduced by Ulrich in 1998 where the author proposed that HR specialist should be share responsibility with management people to run the business. They must have the ability to understand and exploit opportunities and HR specialist themselves must understand how their role could help in achieving the objective of the organizations. Ulrich suggested that in order for the organization to create value, HR professionals must carry out their responsibility as strategic partners, administrative experts, employees advocates and as driver of changes.This can be done throu gh strategy execution, modify planning by thorough discussion on how the firm should be organized to carry out the strategies. HR engagement with operating and marketing function is essentials in ensuring that all of their initiatives will become productive by answering the following issues- whether the initiatives is best aligned with strategy implementations, they make selection based on priority, and lastly the evaluations of the initiatives should be indicate positive linkage to business result.HR specialist must act as employee advocate, human capital developer, functional expert, strategic partner and lastly as leader in terms of HR function. However, the premise HCM act as business partner did not agreed by all practitioners. Tim Miller and Alex Wilson reported by Smethurst(2005) and Pickard(2005) are the examples of the top management who disagree with this premise. Convincing the top management will not going to be easy. Still HCM emphasized on the importance of evaluatio n of what had been happen within the organization and it also provides basis for value adding strategist.Therefore, harmonize to this theory, HCM in this case the HR specialist in the human resource department should work together with the top management of JPNT in ensuring the creation of value to the firm. The value that we meant here is creating competitive human capital that at the end of the day this human capital will be able to serve successfully to their clients thus deliver excellence business service for the organizations. Secondly, HR is responsible to develop, analyze and use human capital data.The measurements that must be developed by HR should be able to measure issues relating to workforce, capable of measuring the levels and trends in performance achieved by both individual and business, can measure the impact of HR policies and practices on business performance or what Mercer HR Consulting called as Business Impact Modeling. It is also expected that HR should be ab le in building an effective measurement to measure the effectiveness of musical note manager in applying HR policies and the measurement tools should be able to measure the effectiveness of HR function (Baron and Armstrong 2007).The workforce matrix should provide data which allows the business to measure the key characteristics of the people it employs. Understanding the relationship between workforce matrix and people management is very important because the workforce matrix focus on the influences business performance and show the business of what need to be done to improved the added value from human capital resources. Therefore, HR cannot simply gain data without proper implementations of specific procedures and standards because gaining accurate data will never be easy.The data accuracy will show the current situation and trends of human capital within the organizations. In JPNT, the typical tool to measure the human capital is come across Performance Indicator (KPI) in huma n resource department reflect the organizational goal. They matched the number of training and types of training according to the need of the staff. Therefore KPIs adopt by Human Resource department is quantifiable they are defined in terms of the feedback that they gain through exit training survey. This KPI however is not emphasized on skills retention that the staff gained on the training.They are not focus workers as the assets of an organization therefore, I think there are a lot of improvement needs to be carried out to improve this measurement method. Next, is on the aspect of measuring the overall performance. Human Resource department use Balance Score Card that is developed by Beatty et. Al (2005) to measure them. Balance Score Card highlighted four important aspects which are customer perspectives, internal perspectives, innovations and learning perspectives and lastly the financial perspectives.This scorecard focuses on equilibrate representation and analysis of data. In HR, four dimensions are being highlighted which are HR competencies, its practices, systems and deliverables. On the aspect of financial performance, the HR department always runs cost benefit analysis to choose the best trainer to train their staff or just simply using the internal sources that they have. Productivity is measure when the training course that undergo by the staff is beneficial and the new knowledge are continuously used by the staff.The operational impact or effectiveness is measure for instance creation of successful training course to the staff and when the staff perceived such programs contribute to their career developments. Lastly, is in terms of customer service. Through continuous training programs, the staffs become more skillful in treating the customers thus more of them will be delighted. Measuring the impact of HR policies and practices are one of the toughest roles of HR specialist. This is because it is hard to determine causation-what actions or fa ctors that are oddly cause the performance (Baron and Armstrong 2007).Genome II is a model that was developed by National Building Society proved statistically that the more committed the employee, the happier the customer will. Genome project had focus on recruitment and retention, deeper understanding of the commitment of the employees, satisfy system that is more transparent and flexible, increase the effectiveness of the execution on the first line management, promotes recognitions, and develop a culture where both managers and their subordinates demonstrate right behaviors.Focus area of GenomeII could act as a benchmark to be apply in JPNT. Effectiveness of the line manager could be improved with the intervention HCM (Bohlander and Snell 2010). Guidance, help and further training is available in case where they need them. With this, it was hoped that line managers can carry out their people management responsibilities effectively. For instance if the line manager of JPNT enc ounter any unsolved problem or the problem is not routine, they can always refers to HCM specialist to guide them.Human resource should be measure to indicate whether they are executing their role and meet the target of their department. Tsui and Gomez-Mejia (1998) cited in (Baron and Armstrong 2007) had clarified the distinction between process criteria- how well things are done and output criteria- the effectiveness of the end result. To distinguish them, utility approach by Boudreau(1998) can be applied.Beside this approach, HR performances can also be measured using points suggested by Likierman (2005) that the budget allocation is in line with HR objectives- means HR has a say in changes in implementing the strategy, analyze and interpret the reason behind it, comparing internal and external benchmarking, enhance the usage introduce to face discussion to gain the feedback, and lastly the measurement should not expect to measure something that is impossible, and they should be noted that many problems just being mitigated, instead of being solved, and this is noisome to the JPNT.Another important role of HCM is in the terms of promoting job engagement and commitment. Job engagement happens when people are impulsive to commit to their work and willing to perform excellently in their job. Hay Group defined engage performance as a result that is stimulated by employees eagerness for their work and direct it to the success of the organizations. On the other hand, organizational commitment is defined as the recognition of goals and values of the organization, a sense of belonging to the organization and willingness to contribute effort for the organization (Baron and Armstrong 2007).Organization commitment and job engagement can be created by JPNT if JPNT set a great place to work, HR people promotes positive discretionary behavior, create excellence total reward policy and constantly measure job engagement and commitments. JPNT should provide conductive w ork environment- comfortable in nature, ergonomics, make sure that the job prospect is parallel with training, appraisal, and the superior staff should take care of the welfare of their subordinates.JPNT can adopt the criteria suggested by The Sunday Times in identifying the best 100 companies which are leadership of senior management level, good relation with their superiors, have the opportunities of personal growth and developments, balanced work-life issues, cooperativeness between colleagues, my company- the way JPNT treats its staff and lastly the fair deal- pay and benefits are provided to all, without nepotism and biasness.The superior should also act in discretion manner it means that not everything must be solved black and white. For instance, if one of the subordinates absent for their work with a concrete reason, the superior should not punish he or her. Reward is categorized into two which are transactional reward (tangible reward-the pay and benefits) and relational re ward (intangible reward-learning and development and work environment). That is the responsibility of HR to create the best reward model that can motivate their employees in the future.The tangible reward is easily to be copied by the competitors as everyone have the capability to pay and gives benefit for instance dental plan, but the intangible reward it harder to be imitated thus increase the chances of sustaining the firms competitive advantages. Next, another role for HR professionals is as strategist. strategist here means HR professional should be able to address long term issues related to management and development of people and the employment relationships.This role is clearly demonstrated when HR professional are being regarded as business partner- they have the persuasion power to influence the top managers to develop business strategies that are maximizing the potential of human capital. (Baron and Armstrong 2007) As we discussed earlier, people are the assets of the or ganizations, thus they are one of the resource to achieve and sustain competitive advantage of JPNT HCM is also responsible to develop a good business case. Baron and Armstrong 2007) As I discussed previously, HR specialist should be able to persuade top management, a good business case can act as one of the convincing evidences on why the top management should agree to HR specialists proposals. The case should show how the purposed course will add value in terms of income will exceed the cost or by executing the proposal, it will yield positive return on investments (Bohlander and Snell 2010).The business case should present on how the available human capital data will impact on key areas of organizations operation, show how it will the proposal will increase the business competitive edge, or presenting a successful pilot projects to be implemented to the entire organization, the proposal can be implemented without much hassles, it will also able to enhance the employers strike of f by promoting JPNT as the best place to work and lastly the points, data are presented in neat manner, simple and easy to understand.Challenges for managing knowledge are knowledge acquisition, knowledge modeling, knowledge retrieval, knowledge reuse and knowledge maintenance. In JPNT it is hard to get the information needed and turn the information to become useable. For instance, it is hard to interpret the tacit knowledge to become explicit knowledge, to identify the gaps in knowledge, and difficult to acquire and integrate the knowledge that is cross departmental and different expertise.Therefore, it is important for the HR specialist in JPNT to be able to create an approach that is able to integrate all knowledge in the organization so that it can be benefited to all. On the top of that, knowledge modeling is also can be another obstacle for HR specialist in managing knowledge capital in the organization. The challenge that is faced by JPNT HR specialist is how to use the kno wledge available in solving problems because knowledge possessed by staffs are varies from one another (Bhojaraju 2005).To overcome this, HR departments had introduce mentor and protege program. As a conclusion, the roles that are played by HCM are indeed complex and requires HR specialists to be able to multitasking, possessed multidisciplinary of knowledge and wide range of skills to execute their roles perfectly thus enable them to overcome the challenges of managing knowledge capital in JPNT. Top managements should also give full cooperation in favor of HCM so that the utilization of knowledge capital in JPNT could be maximized.

Broadcasting Industry

When Newton Minow delivered his first formal address as the newly appointed chairman of the federal official Communications Commission (FCC) in 1961, his speech triggered discussions about the role broadcasting, specifically the television played in the society. Minows Address to the National Association of Broadcasters exposit on the critical task the broadcasting industry brings to the audience, in the case of television, the viewing public. He presented the harmful and constructive effects that the television possesses. Winow highlighted his major arguments on televisions negative or ill effects to viewers.It is a common knowledge that the viewers more especially the children of this generation will be devoting more of their time watching television waiting for their favorite programs, switching channels and choosing programs they will be interested to watch or simply killing time. The premise was that the programs offered to the publics are not intelligibly chosen and put on-a ir. Most networks air programs for the purposes of earning high ratings and viewership without really considering what the viewer will be getting from such(prenominal)(prenominal) programs.It is indeed true that TV works for one general control to inform, but it seems like the broadcasting industrys trend has done outdoor(a) with integrating or injecting values to the programs they air. With the current set-up or trend, the viewers are the ones at risk. The reason why mass media particularly the television is blamed for the washout of the societys (especially the childrens) value system. According to Marsden, the disintegration or what was termed as fragmentation affected the religious and moral life in the United States everyplace the decades when the mass media proliferated.With Minows account of the world currently living in a television age one of the worst effects would be such disintegration. This proves how immense the television can influence the viewing public. What the viewers see on television is often times accepted to be the truth and is enured as something to be absorbed and to some extent, be imitated or applied in real life. Stories and programs with themes about violence, revenge, murder and sex leave the viewer without ethical motive or values to keep but in some cases make them believe that violence is justifiable.These details were some of the reasons why the FCC chairman illustrated the television shows as a vast wasteland. Television is one of the most powerful mass media which can reach millions of viewers with a single program at one sitting. With this great potential the television offers, Winow believed that the broadcasting industry should take advantage of this. Television industry should not just be satisfied of fulfilling its information function but it should make use of its power to educate, inspire, motivate, challenge and empower the loyal viewers.It is still good news that there are still a a few(prenominal) programs that cater to the mentioned functions. Putting the viewers into consideration not only making them enjoy what they watch but also more importantly allow them to translate and decide for themselves. Minow emphasized that the broadcasting industry owes a lot to the viewing public, leaving the practitioners the challenge of giving back to the publics what they truly deserve. The public is given the picking and control over programs to tune in, and responsible broadcasting is all about providing them with quality programs to choose from.Television has a very big potential in stamp the public, but along with this potential also comes a crucial responsibility of airing appropriate shows both for children and adults and other segments of the viewing public. He had also dysphoric that the broadcasting industry, more specifically the television should be used as a tool or instrument in molding the viewers as he mentioned about educational television. Newton Minow posed a challenge to th e industry practitioners to be more responsible, to use the television to the viewers advantage considering the enormous power and influence such broadcast medium provides the public.

Madura Garments

Sales and Distri more(prenominal)overion air Structure of Madura Garments Group B9 Ishan Agrawal (11P081) Jaya S Choubey (11P083) Kumar Rahul(11P087) Abhishek Narayan (11P145) Madhur Paul (11P147) Contents Madura Garments3 Background4 Louis Philippe4 Van He single-valued functionn4 ein truth(prenominal)en Solly4 Esprit4 Planet go5 Madura expression & life-style Channel Structure6 Data on the Channel Structure of Madura vogue & Lifestyle8 New fruit out branch10 Market Overview13 Product localisation13 Product pricing13 Competitor Channel Strategy13 Process followed15 offsprings in Channel Strategy16 Issue Selecting Channel Members16Issue foster Channel Member acceptance of the parvenu yields16 Issue Stocking and Visual merchandising17 Issue Maintaining Product Differentiation17 Recommendations17 Issue Product Positioning17 Issue Product line expansion17 Issue Sales Organization and Sales Culture18 Sales Culture18 private Selling Process19 engravement, excerption and train of Sales Personnel21 Step 1 Manpower Planning21 Step 2 Sourcing activity21 Internal Sourcing21 External Sourcing21 Step 3 Approval22 Training and developing -22 Probation assessment Forms22 Territory and Quota Management23Evaluation of Sales Personnel24 Challenges faced in implementing recommendations26 What outhouse be d oneness to comeress these challenges? 26 References27 Madura Garments Background Madura Garments, a division of Aditya Birla Nuvo is Indias leading enclothe retail company. It consists of the taints Louis Philippe, Van Heusen, Allen Solly and PeterEngland. A jump from these it has a dispersion agreement with the globe(prenominal) fool Esprit for which it has opened goop shop outlets. Louis Philippe Louis Philippe was the first genuinely international garment label introduced in the Indian market in 1989.Recognised as a Superbrand, Louis Philippe epitomises elegance, class and status, addressing the fatalitys of the style conscious, contemporary Indian men. The brand brings terrifically crafted rank of silks, trousers, blazers, ties and T-shirts that makes an unshargond fashion statement recognised by its distinctive icon The UpperCrest. The brand creates an image of stylish, confident, spirited, cool ensemble with hidden details, slimmer cuts. LP the young person brand from Louis Philippe, has introduced newlyfangled fashion formals range for straighta modalitys young and successful urbanites. The range exudes elan, style and success which personifies todays youth.Van Heusen Van Heusen, Indias subvention work-wear brand, brought to India in 1990, has given corporeal attire alto delineateher a new look and meaning through continuous convergence innovation and exclusive collections much(prenominal) as Autumn Winter, Ken & Tony, Worldwear, Informals, IQ Clothing, winter wear, knits, innerwear and accessories. Cool Pants, designed using breakthrough technology adopted by NASA, or the Oxyrich shirts with oxygen ions to neutralize high stress levels in the intelligent clothing (IQ)range, be a few examples of the tradition of innovation that began with the invention of the collar in 1919.Worldwear is Van Heusens wing of the surpass-selling range ofcorporate wear for the global Indian. Allen Solly Allen Solly has established itself as the leading Hesperian wear brand redefining the wardrobe of the modern Indian. It has popularised the Friday dressing ideal in India. With the launch of its womens wear range in December cc1, Allen Solly has made a successful foray into the growing womens work and casual wear market. The brand has won the most admired brand Womens wear IFA 2004, 2005, 2007 most admired brand -trousers IFA 2005 most admired brand smart casuals IFA 2006.It has besides won the IFA Images 2001 best brand award in the readymade menswear grade. Esprit Esprit provides a fresh look and a new style to its alive motley e really month. The brand offers a variety of choices with the availability of its unlike collections in all the instals, to keep satisfying the ineluctably of its growing customers. EDC by Esprit addresses young, spontaneous people who live for the moment and express this life-style with an individual look. Planet FashionPlanet Fashion is the apparel retailing arm of Madura Garments, Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd. It houses not integrally our leading (inhouse) menswear brands like Louis Philippe, VanHeusen, Allen Solly and Peter England, but in any case Levis denim, Monte Carlo knitwear and most recently, Jocky innerwear in filled stores. It aims to be the complete wardrobe solution for a man a one-stop destination for all his apparel necessitate. Its intersection point portfolio ranges from corporate formal wear to casual leisurewear, accessories, t-shirts, interwear and lately, denims and innerwear. In the dynamic readymade garments industry, speed in reacting to changes in trends and customer tastes, and constant introduction of new sty les are critical to success. This in turn depends on the availability of constantly updated information, up-to-date and accurate market information, which is critical to Madura Garments for strategic decisions involving introduction of new growths, quick response to customer needs, parentage centering, and overall market competitiveness.To effectively deliver its products to customers, Madura Garments employs multiple distribution telephone lines. This includes their dedicated network (Planet Fashion and Dress Circle stores), multi brand outlets, distributors, agents and branded exports, which totally add up to more than 21 distributors with 1000+ retail merchants and one hundred fifty+ factory stir got retail outlets spread over a large dominion. Madura Fashion & Lifestyle Channel Structure Trade carry Multi Brand Outlets This track of Madura has declined over the years. At pre move, it is contributing around 20-25% of the revenue enhancement grapple.According to a re tail manager at Madura, customers today are un leave aloneing to buy clothes from MBOs, with modern substantially-staffed malls and exclusive outlets offering more personalised service. MBOs usually adopt branded shelf approach for stocking unhomogeneous products. MBOs are located throughout the country including Tier II and Tier III towns. MBOs have enabled Madura to increase its reach but they offer very low returns, to the place, of only 2%. The channel structure for a Multi Brand Outlet is a multilayered one. Usually, it is a three level channel.The products move from the factory to major wholesalers who and so distribute tham to regional distributors who finally take the product to the retail shop floor. This multilayered channel is responsible for lesser return. grinder Wholesalers Distributors Multi Brand Outlets Exclusive Business Outlets Madura Fashion & Lifestyle has more than 1,000 exclusive branded outlets with over 1 million square feet of retail space across the country. The company greatly ramped up its exclusive Brand outlets business in 2011 by adding 250 stores in that single year only.The received count stands at 1129. Exclusive Business Outlets contribute around 30-35% share in revenue and provide 10-15% return which is highest among that provided by any other channel of Madura except planet fashion. It is essentially a zero level channel with products provided directly from the company to the outlet. The shorter channel can also be seen as one of the evidences for higher return. subdivision Stores It has more than 1,000 exclusive branded outlets with over 1 million square feet of retail space across the country.The companys brands are also present in over 100 department stores. All major department stores like Central, Lifestyle, Shoppers Stop, Reliance and Max, to name that a few, stock different Madura brands. Planet Fashion In 2001, Madura Fashion & Lifestyle envisioned providing a unique shopping familiarity to delight its customers. Soon, the company opened a distinct, specialty menswear showroom at Commercial Street in Bangalore. The speak outing behind the store was to provide a superior retail experience and offer men a one-stop destination for all their apparel needs.Each of the brands is a complete lifestyle brand and has an exhaustive range of shirts, trousers, knits, winter wear, suits and accessories. They offer the best range across formal, semi-formal and casual occasions and across versatile price ranges. Louis Philippe caters to the style-conscious contemporary man. Van Heusen formals are the ideal choice for the corporate customer, while Allen Solly is unconventional and associated with Friday Dressing, and offers relaxed wear for the young and ambitious trend ropeter. Peter England is value for money, and caters to the mid-price segment.In order to pursue its intention of providing a complete wardrobe solution to its customers, Planet Fashion has been looking at brands beyond the Madu ra Fashion & Lifestyle stable. Recognising the need for brand names in winter wear, inner wear, and denims, it introduced Monte Carlo, Jockey and Levis in select stores. Realising that wedding apparel for men was a huge untapped market, Planet Fashion also tied up with Manyawar for its range of ethnic menswear. With a strong presence in 88 cities across India as well as in the Gulf and SAARC countries, Planet Fashion stores greet more than three million customers each year.Planet Fashion has 146 stores, which by the end of the year go forth touch 200. The winning retail molding has been successful not only in agio locations, but also in smaller towns such as Udupi, Bareilly and Dehradun. Planet Fashion is the largest chain of stores of its kind in India, with an average store footprint that ranges from 1,500-6,000 sq ft, depending on its location. To drive its growth objective, it has launched a new format of store christened Planet Fashion Grande, which is for both men and wome n and offers a large section for the growing accessories market.The first Planet Fashion Grande store opened at Indiranagar, Bangalore in December 2011. Planet Fashion has ensured that no stone is left unturned to create a store that truly lives up to its name. The new store show examples select international brands such as Calvin Klein, Nautica, Esprit and EDC. For those particular close exclusive tailoring, there is a section dedicated to custom tailoring. Planet Fashion Grande is also found made-to-measure service, where the suits will be custom tailored at the companys factory set up with Italian collaboration. The ladies section is one-of-its-kind in Bangalore.It offers the pret line of Ritu Kumar, the exclusive printed sarees from Satya Paul, the pure ethnic collection from Seven East and the ethnic fusion range of Global Desi. On the formal front there is and, a western fusion range, Allen Solly and Van Heusen Women. All this is complemented with footgear and handbags. Madu ra Fashion and Lifestyle employs a direct distribution channel to Planet Fashion retail channel from its warehouses. The model of distribution employed is Consignment model wherein the stock is completely owned by the company and merchandising and Visual marketing is handled by the Companys retail staff.The return on this business cognize is 20% and it forms a 10% share of the companys revenue. Value Channels The value transmit comprise mostly of depletion channels. This channel includes specific gross gross sales like employee sales and sales through factory outlets and also multi-brand depletion channels like Brand Factory and Lootmart. The stock is completely owned by the company in trip of company specific sales while it is franchisee owned in multi-brand depletion channels.The return realized is negligible for the company. E-commerce Electronic commerce, commonly receiven as e-commerce or e-commerce, is the buying and selling of products or services over electronic system s such as the net wage and other computer networks. Electronic commerce draws on such technologies as electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction cognitive processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at least at one point in the transactions life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices and telephones as well. Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the exchange of data to facilitate the financing and make upment aspects of business transactions. Madura Fashion and lifestyle does not sell its products via company owned online space but rather sells to big online retail merchants like Jabong and Myntra in India.As of now, e-retail is not a big part of the companys revenues. The stock is f ranchisee owned and distribution is taken feel for of by the company itself. It is a part of the companys long term future to start retailing through its own brand portals and through mobile-based applications. Industrial Sales This is a special case where specific orders are addressed by the company itself. This could be a case in case of very large orders or a valuable B2B business. This is a negligible portion of the companys yearly revenues.Exports The company exports switch to different countries where it operates in and to other retailers to. This is guided by license agreements surrounded by the parent brands and the company. Data on the Channel Structure of Madura Fashion Lifestyle Channels About Model Return Revenue Share 1. Trade MBOs (Multi-brand outlets) debase n Sell 2% 20-25% 2. EBOs (Exclusive business outlets) Buy and Sell EBOs and Consignment EBOs Buy n SellConsignment 10-15% 30-35% 3. DS (Department stores) Shoppers Stop, Lifestyle, Max, Westside Buy n Sell 15-20% 4. PF (Planet fashion) 20% 10% . Value Channels Factory outlets, Brand Factory, Loot mart etc marginal 0 6. E-commerce Marginal 7. Industrial Sales marginal 8. Exports 5% New Product Development New Product Development is a process which consists of developing, test and considering the viability of products which are new to the market. It is a complete process of bringing a new product to the market. If a company has many new products in the pipeline, hence cost of development per new product is less. Also, it should be noted that most product ideas are aborted before launch.Thus, if a company has only one product in development and that product is aborted before launch, then significant costs are incurred both financially and in terms of morale of the new product team. A new product may manifest itself in different forms and have associated channel issues. These are discussed below. 1. A new product may be a product that opens up an entirely new market. In this case, the entire channel strategy has to be designed for the new market. It has to be checked whether the new product to be introduced can be served by existing channel or not. If not, then this involves the complete process of designing a new channel. . A new product may be a product that adapts or replaces an existing product. In such a case, the existing channel may work with little redesigning. 3. The new product may be such that it significantly b passageens the market for an existing product. For example, new models of printers use same kind of cartridges. Here also, the existing channel may suffice to serve the new product. 4. A new product may also be an old product introduced into a new market. In such a case, a channel parallel and similar to the channel in the old market has to be established after examine the market demographics. . An old product packaged in a different way or an old product marketed in a different way might also be called a new product. In this case , existing channel may suffice if target market and positioning are same. Our Louis Philippe footgear fall into category defined by point no. 1, that is, it is a product that has opened up an entirely new market. LP has since long focused only on garments and clothing. Now, Madura wants to leverage its brand name and sell other merchandise under it. Footwear is an entirely new product category with new set of competitors coming into picture.It demands modification of existing channel or designing of a completely new channel. Existing stores which carry LP garments might not be free to stock footgear also. The importance of new product development is immense. New products can be used to * Increase/ defend market share by offering more choice or updating older products. * Appeal to new segments. * Diversify into new markets. * Improve relations with distributors. * Maintain the firms position as a leading edge company. Even out peaks and troughs in demand. * Make better use of organi sations resources. Stages in new product development 1.Idea Generation It involves preparation of new ideas. Eg Sales, RD and production department confluence to generate new ideas. Sales team identifies a new market opportunity, RD develops is design and production department determines its production feasibility. These functions may be cross performed also. Analysis of customers or market research by an external agency may also spur new product development. 2. Idea cover version Ideas are checked for technical feasibility, financial viability and marketability and the poor ones are dropped. Product is evaluated on its demand, marketability and profit potential.Ideas may be rated according to marketing, production and strategic factors. 3. supposition development and testing This horizontal surface involves turning ideas into tangible products that consumers perceive as cosmos valuable. Concept testing consists of testing new products with a group of consumers to square up ou t if the concepts have strong consumer appeal. 4. merchandising strategy development An initial marketing strategy for a new product is designed based on the product concept. 5. Business Analysis A review of the sales, costs, profit projections and breakeven points for the new product to find out whether these factors satisfy the firms objective. . Product Development Engineering and production issues are resolved and the idea is translated into reality through prototypes and simulations. 7. Test Marketing Launching a product in a small geographical area. 8. Commercialization The product is introduced into the market. Timing is critical for success. Product has to be well targeted and positioned. The LP footwear is in the stage of commercialization. Earlier ideas considered were LP artificial jewellery, LP clothing accessories, LP sunglasses etc. But footwear was decided by management to be most sequester and in sync with the objectives and practical constraints. there are three wa ys to introduce new products under the auspices of existing products Line extension Using an existing brand name on products within the same category. Brand extension Using an existing brand name on products in a new category but within the same broadly defined market. Brand stretching Using an existing name on a product in a different market. Using LP name to introduce footwear is a case of brand extension. The fears of brand dilution are minimized by the fact that footwear also form part of fashion and clothing and are integral to style statement of a person.For the purposes of this project, we have identified issues in the channel that are associated with changes in the marketing environment, most typically in the case of a new product development and introduction. On interaction with the channel managers, it was found that one major issue they had been facing with their channel is introduction of new products into the channel. Madura Fashion Lifestyle wants to leverage its bran d names to introduce merchandise other than clothing. Madura Fashion and Lifestyle introduced Louis Philippe Footwear in the Spring Summer Collection, 2010.The footwear served as a means of brand extension. The brand wanted to move forward from being an apparel category player to a wider lifestyle brand. Diversifying into newer product categories, expanding the existing product portfolio and targeting newer customers seemed like a sober idea to go near doing this. The reason they chose to enter the footwear category were many. Market Overview The Indian footwear market is expected to generate total revenue of $2. 5 billion in 2011, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 10. 3% between 2007 and 2011. In comparison, the Chinese market will increase with a CAGR of 5. %, and the Japanese market will decline with a compound annual rate of change (CARC) of -1. 1%, over the same period, to reach several(prenominal) values of $13. 7 billion and $13. 9 billion in 2011. Sales generated through clothing, footwear, sportswear and accessories retailers are expected to be the most lucrative for the Indian footwear market in 2011, with total revenues of $2,314. 9 million, equivalent to 91. 5% of the markets overall value. In comparison, sales through discount, variety store, and general merchandise retailers will generate revenues of $103 million in 2011, liken to 4. 1% of the markets aggregate revenues.The Indian footwear market experienced strong growth during 2011 after also having strong growth in 2010. The market is predicted to hatch growing strongly over the forecast period to 2016. The accomplishment of the market is forecast to accelerate, with an anticipated CAGR of 15. 1% for the five-year period 2011 2016, which is expected to drive the market to a value of $5. 1 billion by the end of 2016. Comparatively, the Chinese and Japanese markets will grow with CAGRs of 7. 8% and 0. 3% respectively, over the same period, to reach respective values of $20 billion and $14. 1 billion in 2016. Product positioningThe product was positioned as a premium category product targeted at customers who had high disposable incomes. The product could serve as a potential hook for acquiring new customers as well transforming the brand into a premium lifestyle player. The channel strategy would serve a critical factor in achieving the desired result. Product pricing The product was introduced in the premium range in the Indian market. The starting price was Rs 2400 and the closing price was 5400. Competitor Channel Strategy The Indian footwear market was densely populated with competitors. The competitors can be divided into three broad categories.The first category is product specialists who manufacture and sell their own products. The second category is the brand extension products that are sourced by companies and sold through the channels. The third category is the private players consisting of the unorganized sector of the market. The chann el strategy for different companies that have launched products in this market category depends on a lot on the scale of operations they are aiming at. Channels like Market development partners (MDPs) are generally employed in areas that are geographically or logistically difficult to handle exclusively.Different brands employ different channel strategies. Another factor that determines the channel strategy of a brand is the positioning. An providence brand is more liable to enter small markets via MDPs as the target customers reside there and because it makes business sense. Contrastingly, a premium player may guide to employ a strategy of opening only Exclusive business outlets (EBOs) to preserve its shopping experience and exclusivity. Experience also plays a big part in deciding the channel strategy. Generally, core category players have a wider distribution network as this is their revenue generating business.Consequently they also have the required experience to carry out th e operations. The following are an attempt to summarize the size and the channel strategy employed by the major market leaders in the Indian footwear market. The data employed for this analysis is indicative and approximate. Brands Exclusive Business Outlets(EBOs) Management Development Parters(MDPs) Multi-brand Outlets (MBOs)/Department Stores(DS) Turnover(Rs Cr. ) Lee Cooper 100 750 1500 200 Red Tape 200 500 1500 400 Woodland 300 1000 1500 750Bata 1300 30000 1000 1540. 59 Liberty 350 4500 1500 310 Franco Leone 25 0 850 100 Nike 150 600 1000 700 Adidas 350 750 1000 585 Puma 150 500 700 550 Reebok 900 700 1000 1400 From the above data, we can observe that the core category players in the Indian market, the product specialists have a distinctly different channel strategy from products which are brand extensions. Product specialists usually rely on a licensee model with Management Development Partners (MDPs) to open exclusive stores in different parts of the company.However, these exc lusive stores are different from company owned stores which are relatively few in number, but still far greater than the number of Lifestyle EBOs that carry footwear as brand extension products. Process followed Issues in Channel Strategy Issue Selecting Channel Members The channel strategy has to be such that the product fulfills its potential to act as a brand accelerator and complete the Lifestyle bode of the brand. It has to be consistent with the brands core promise of freedom, individuality and success.The other functions this product could perform are to appeal to a wider set of auditory sense in a pure category play, to engage brand loyal customers and act as a hook for potential customers. The major tasks required to be performed by the channel members are * EBOs Complete the Lifestyle look and drive premiumness * DS and MBOs Create a larger play for the brand * Depletion channels Recruit customers for the brand Madura Fashion Lifestyle introduced these products in EBOs, Department Stores, MBOs, Planet Fashion and on the e-commerce platform. RecommendationFootwear is introduced in Exclusive Brand Outlets (EBOs), MBOs (Multi Brand Outlets), Department stores (DS) and Planet Fashion (PF) showrooms. The remaining four channels are not relevant for a new product like footwear. Moreover, EBOs and DS are very short channels ( 2 step), so company has more control over them. Issue Fostering Channel Member acceptance of the new products Recommendations * strengthen the belief of the channel members that the product would sell by sharing the results of consumer response * Convincing the retailer of the high potential value creation by the product Issue Stocking and Visual merchandising Stocking and display handled by the company in the case of EBOs and large Multi-Brand Outlets like Shoppers Stop etc * Stocking and display to be handled by the retailer in the case of trade channels. * Training imparted to all store managers for the Visual Merchandising. * S tore Management handled by the company in EBOs, and the vendor in the case of large MBOs and trade channels Issue Maintaining Product Differentiation Louis Philippe footwear is similar to other products offered by Madura Garments they project the same sense of quality, style and prestige.They are differentiated on these grounds and are premium priced. They are sold in certain outlets to enhance the exclusivity factor. Since they are present across India in various stores, it is important that channel members also help create a differentiated product by conveying the same to the customers. Recommendations * They should be displayed properly and stylishly and good services must be provided by retailers to the customers because even the customers experience at the outlet adds to the way the product is perceived to be different from others. The salespeople present at the store must be well trained and must communicate the superior quality and style of the footwear to the customers. Issu e Product Positioning The retailer support is required in the form of proper merchandise presentation and display. Since the competition is very strong in this segment, focus on product positioning is essential. Recommendations Madura Garment should provide attractive incentives in the form of promotional allowances and special merchandising deals so that the retailer positioning is in line with the image intercommunicate by the company. Issue Product line expansionSince Madura Garments is foraying into a new product category of footwear, it is important to aid the channel members who are used to the apparel category. Recommendations * justify to the channel members the reason for the addition of footwear category and its feasibility * Frequent communication with the channel members to ensure a smooth flow of information about the demand for the footwear * Company should aid the channel members in stocking, choosing a display pattern (if required) and merchandising * Ensuring trou ble-free products and making provisions for return of unsatisfactory stocksIssue Sales Organization and Sales Culture Currently Madura Garments have 82 stores in India and 5 outside India. In India it has store across 50 cities in India, ranging from high streets like Connaught Place and South Ex to smaller towns like Bareilly, Karnal and Dehradun. International presence inDubai, Sharjah, Qatar and Kathmandu. Sales Culture * Components of sales burnish. * Role of sales culture in developing a sound sales organization Personal Selling Process It is the personal presentation by the firms sales force for the purpose of making sales and building customer relationships.Personal selling is paid personal communication that attempts to inform customers and persuade them to purchaseproducts or services. Personal Selling Process consists of the following steps Prospecting Pre approach Approach Presentation and Demonstration Handling Objective Closing Follow up Companys records Salesman refe rs to the companys records and gets in touch with several old and new contact. Through this way sales may bepromoted Retailers The sales force get the valuable leads from the retailers since they are in direct contact with the customer and are familiar with the taste, needs, preference. 1. Pre approachAfter identifying the prospect in the prospecting stage. , the second step of salesman to know about the prospect likes, dislike, preference, nature, behavior, economic and social status. 2. Approach In this stage prospect and the salesman come in contact with each other face-to-face. Madura Garment brand and its product are well reputed to all. The brandedproduct also generated the curiosity among the prospects. 3. Presentation and Demonstration Salesman gives the description about the product to the prospect through this as follow Salesman comes within the store or the shop of the prospect can promptlypresent it to the prospect.Salesman shows the kind of quality that customer is look ing for and also shows whatsoever new trend garments, it saves time also the customer tends to make a quick buying decision. Salesman demonstrates the product to increase the interest of the customer. 4. The Close This is the last stage of the presentation and demonstration, in this salesman does the analysis after the presentation as Salesman judges the mood, attitude , perception of the prospect. In all over the presentation, the salesman faces every objection with a smile and his face and confidently answering to any queries of the prospect. . Follow up This is a critical step in creating customer satisfaction and building long-run relationships with customers. If the customer experienced any problems whatsoever, the salesprofessional can intervene and become a customer advocate to ensure 100% satisfaction. Recruitment, Selection and Training of Sales Personnel Madura aims in keeping its Employment policy non-discriminative. The policy is framed in a way that it ensures consi stency and equal opportunity. Utmost care is taken to checkany kind of discrimination based on caste, religion, colour, age, sex, national origin etc.Merit based Selection of candidates. 1) Sourcing the candidate by ordering for forms 2) Screening the candidate 3) Selection test 4) Personal interview 5) To ensure that all candidates are assessed objectively and fairly. 6) To appoint the Right candidate for the Right job. The recruitment process starts with the arising of a vacancy in the organization. A vacancy can arise in the following ways Madura Garment follows following sources planning- Step 1 Manpower Planning AOP (Annual Operating Plan), this process is taken up every year. It is taken up at Personal Level and Entity Level.Several points like Revenue generation, science number, etc. Step 2 Sourcing activity There are three types of sourcing done at Bombay dyeing. After the resumes of candidates are chosen then the same is sent to the department head where the vacancy arises . The department head will then shortlist the same and they ask the HR department to fix an interview with the selected candidates. There are two type of interview which is taken up at Bombay dyeing, firstly the Functional interview and then the Functional mentality and HR Head takes the interview. Internal SourcingThis system provides the existing employees an opportunity to apply for higher posts aswell as for vacancies in other departments thus allow them a take up more challengingjob profile / responsibilities in other/same department. This thus becomes a kind ofmotivation factor for the employees. * Employee Reference * Re-employment of former employee External Sourcing * organisation Consultant * Job Portals timesjobs, Monster, NAUKRI. * Campus Recruitment Step 3 Approval * The process of recruitment takes about 10 15 days Selection Training and Development -Training and development is perhaps one of the fastest growing fields in any company. The significance and value of grooming has been recognised by the corporate world to a great extent. Training is an act of increasing the knowledge and skills of an employee which they need to perform their jobs. Need for Training and Development in an Organization * Contributes towards organizational objectives * acquiring the requisite knowledge, skill and attitude * To achieve individual growth * Need for cross functional managers * Prepare employees for higher level jobs * Training Need IdentificationThe need for training is identified in the following manner Probation Appraisal Forms The appraiser appraises the performance of the employee and gives the recommendations as to the kind of training required by the individual. Thus the training need identified. Through Performance managing strategy - In the system, the individuals are supposed to identify training areas forthemselves along with their superiors doing the same. This is utilized by the HR. Departmental and Divisional ask - If a new system is sta rted in a particular department, the employees of that dept. are required to be trained for using the same.Transfer - If an individual is transferred from one dept. to other, he needs to be trained Promotion - If an employee is promoted, he may require training in the skills to handle the newposition. Also a gap arises in his current position and to fill this gap, training maybe required. Territory and Quota Management Sales Territory Management by Madura Garments its Activities to Produce Maximum Results - How you rate your sales territory management activities depends upon whether you are managing a territory that has existing customers, or whether you are building yourcustomer base from scratch.If you manage a territory that has existing customers, your first priority should be to introduce yourself to every single one of your customers. This should be a pleasant, low-key introduction along the lines ofI just wanted to introduce myself and see if there is anything I can do to he lp you. Then, as you are chatting with your customers, you can askWould you mind sharing with me how you think my companys relationship with you has been going so far? What have we been doing well? Where could we improve? The Benefits of Sales Territory management for company - Optimal quota and territory assignments for best use of selling resources * Immediate integration of planning outputs into a production commissions system for accuracy and low cost operation * Easy adjustments to attribution and change crediting * Optimized pay plan effectiveness * Maximized seller motivation * Increased sales supervisor efficiency and effectiveness * Alignment of individual goals with strategic objectives Quota Management- Analysts estimate organizations may lose as much as 10% of total annual sales in lost opportunity revenue based on misaligned territories and quotas.With Callidus Quota Management, businesses call back this lost revenue, ensuring quotas reflect up-to-date market dynamics and territory potential. * Helps identify opportunities to better align quotas to maximize revenue based on historical performance * Provides easy-to-use tools to uplift, discount, and prorate quota targets as needed * Supports modeling of multiple goal scenarios based on how best to achieve corporate or sales region revenue goals * Effectively automates the workflow processes around quota distribution, adjustments, and approvals * Provides up-to-date visibility into sales quotas and attainment to dateCompensation and motif Compensation - Madura Garments group compensate there salesman by providing them the following proceeds- Base Salary- The fixed amount to be paid according to a system of job classification or marketbased criteria (round about 2-3 lakhs ). Incentives- Additional variable pay based on performance against objectives and payable incash, stock or tax-deferrable arrangements (1% on their sales target). Protectives- Programs which insure employees against loss of lif e or earning ability, and which insure against major current expenses. life insurance * medical insurance * survivors income * dental insurance * disability income Paid Time Off- Vacations, holidays, family leave, jury duty, etc Motivation- In Madura Garments group motivation to salesperson is done accordingly - * Performance Appraisal is the process of Evaluating the Achievements of the Sales Force in Terms of Requirements of the Job * The Appraisal System is Essentially a Comparison of Sales Force Goals and Objectives With Actual Achievements in the Field * Giving the sales achiever award to the best sales man of the year. Doing fair practices, means no bias in the organisation. * Keep improving the working standards Evaluation of Sales Personnel For any industry it is very essential to have a cost effective & efficient distribution channel that adds value in to whole value chain. Effective distribution channel and integrated supply chain management help in growth of industry and make it more competitive. India has large and diversified textile industry with different segments and sectors therefore it has fragmented sales and distribution network Sales ChannelMadura Garments group do their product promotion by giving advertisement in T. V,Radio, Newspaper, Magazine, road side banners etc. In Madura Garments group, there are so many popular lifestyle brands and internationalbrand. These brands are given below and Madura Garments Group also opened exclusivebrand outlets- * Louis Philippe * Peter England * Allen Solly * Van Heusen * Esprit * Planet Fashion Challenges faced in implementing recommendations 1. Dissatisfaction in the channel members not selected for the distribution of this product. . Inventory management in the face of changing fashion tastes of the people. 3. Channel members demand of a clear return policy. 4. Fostering collaboration and shared investment in the growth of the product, visual merchandising, stocking and sales force management. 5. Training and management of sales force. 6. Evaluating channel members performance using modern trade and retail metrics What can be done to address these challenges? The company has to invest in delivering long term partnerships with the channel members.The performance of the product is the main criteria for evaluating the success of a product. However, the success of the product also depends a lot on the acceptance of these new products in the channel. The company has to focus on continuous dialogue and information sharing between theses channel partners. The company can also offer to extend credit support to the channel members in specific cases. The flow in the channel needs to be maintained. The stocking has to be handled by the company itself following the proposed process.Overall, greater coordination is required in all spheres of the channel relationships. References 1. http//www. sifyims. com/pdf/Sify-ES. pdf 2. Mr. Suman Saha, Manager, Key Accouts, Madura F&L (9743999672) 3 . Mr. Deepak Thakur, Group Manager, Lous Phillipe, Madura F&L (9743999434) 4. Mr. Ajay Vendala, Manager, Strategy, Madura F&L (9743999287) 5. Mr. Suraj Holla, Manager, Strategy, Madura F&L (9743999239) 6. Mr.. John James, Staff Manager, Planet Fashion 7. Mr. Neeraj Asopa, Store Manager, Louis Phillipe . http//business. highbeam. com/412143/article-1G1-228248861/length-product-line-distribution-channels 9. http//www. thehindubusinessline. com/todays-paper/tp-marketing/article990515. ece 10. http//www. icmrindia. org/casestudies/catalogue/Marketing/Louis%20Philippe-Excerpts%202. htm 11. Mr. Rajat Joshi, Store Manager, Allen Solly, Ambience saunter 12. Mr. Rakesh Mehra, Store Manager, Louis Phillipe, MGF Mall 13. Planet Fashion Showroom, Mehrauli Road, Gurgaon 14. Salespeople at different outlets

Eric Bentley’s Criticism of Krogstad’s Character in a Doll’s House

When Eric Bentley wrote in Ibsen, Pro and Con that Krogstad was a mere pawn of the plot. adding that When convenient to Ibsen, he is a blackmailer. When inconvenient, he is converted, I believe he had entirely missed the point of his character in A Doll House. Krogstads characterization is a flagship example of the way Henrik Ibsen wrote every last(predicate) the characters in the play representations of mans true multifaceted nature.On the surface the reader makes quick judgement about the content of the roles characters Nora, ditzy Torvald, loving Linde, current and Krogstad, evil. It is not merely a convenience to the plot when Krogstads true nature is revealed, but the first obvious example of Ibsens desire to doom the reader that not everyone is simply a onelayered individual, and not everyone is just as they seem. When the reader realizes that the source of Krogstads misdeeds lies in result of his profligate past and love for Mrs. Linde in Act 3 when he says, When I lost y ou, it was as if all(a) the solid ground kage, readers no longer look him as the villain they saw before.By the end of the novel Nora believes that first and foremost she is an individual, just as Torvald is and stands alone rather than beneath Torvalds thumb. Torvald, himself, is no longer the perfect husband and morally upright, but more like Noras original characterization with a desperation for a perfect shuttlecock house. Mrs. Linde who seemed independent and welloff living for herself at the beginning of play reveals her want to be a mother and care for others again by the end. went from low my feet. Look at me nowI am a shipwrecked man clinging to a bit of wreck. Ibsens Krogstad is no more a flip misfire of characterization than any other character in the play, but this flop is not just a simple plot device. The revelation of the changes in all the roles are not actually changes at all, they are simply the reveal of the multiple layers to each of them.

Impact of Texting On Society Essay

A majority of 57 % of teenagers said they view their cell phones as the key to their kind life. 47 % of teens say their social lives would end or worsen if schoolbooking was no eternal an option. The impact of texting even expands in the classroom as numerous amount of teachers nationwide be noticing texting slang term in paper that are handed into them. 64 % of students nationwide say they text in class at least once a week. 54 % of teens prefer texting instead of talking face-to-face or talking on the phone. Texting has cause the biggest phenomena in the past decade. One-third of American teens today text entirely over 100 times a day. Texting has even expanded to adults. precisely in contrast to its original purpose, texting has become a curse, hindering communication, attentiveness, social lives, and even academics. out-of-pocket to this, texting has become a phenomena that has changed or hindered phylogeny and abilities of society negatively.Furthermore, with the in creasing seconds of texting, the use of texting messaging has hampered hatfuls abilities to communicate effectively. LOL, OMG, and BTW are examples of the vernal texting chamfer. Text messaging started its own language in which words and convicts are shortened to what they sound like instead of how they are really spelled. When 293 of teachers where surveyed, 193 of them said that students are carrying text message lingo in their class assignments ( Negative Aspects of Text Messaging 1). This agency that many students are shortening their words and using useless grammar not only duration they text but also when they do school assignments. Even though many teachers use up found texting habits in papers being handed into them, some say that the main problem is the lack of depth the students fit. Texting is very simple and with the speedy growth of texting students sentence are starting to become simpler and less descriptive.Likewise, texting has caused a lack of literal com munication skills on people. Studies have shown that text messaging is the number one trope of communication the people prefer, including face-to face or verbal communication. Text messaging is simpler than verbal communication because in that respect is no real depth in the discourse and the people that are communicating dont have to be engage in the conversation. College engineering major Darko Marquez agrees with this by saying The affair I love most about texting is that unlike the phone where you have to sit and concentrate into a long, boring conversation, you can multi-task and talk to as much people as you want(Cesar Marquez 1).Darko is an example of people in society today lacking the ability to get emotionally attached in a verbal conversation. Psychologist Cecilia Holguin has studied effect of texting on communication skills and her studies have shown that texting does not have any emotional connection compared to verbal conversations, which attracts many young people to texting(Cesar Marquez 1). This delegacy that texting is making society simpler and less emotionally attached while communicating. Furthermore, effective communication and grammar is vital for society to improve intellectually. But unfortunately, texting messaging is playing a key role in hampering societys improvement in communication and grammar.Likewise, texting has not just affected communication but is also has changed the development of adolescence. Texting has been profoundly used by teenagers in America. Almost, if not all, teens in society text to one another. Teenagers text everywhere and anytime they can. Teens text in class, at the dinner table, at parties, even if they are in the same room they text to one another. Texting has been hurting many teenagers grades because they text instead of canvass or doing homework. A 13 year-old teen named Reina grades plummeted because she texts about 14,528 messages a month(Katie Hafner 1). Reina was so focused on texting that sh e would push her schoolwork to the side. But grades is not the only thing affecting teens. Sleep deprivation has been a problem because many teens stay up later to text friends.About 80% of teens that text late at night have problems with binding good sleeping habits. Sleep deprivation itself has negative side effects on adolescents health such as unintentional injuries, poor school performance, low grades, and an increase in mood disturbances(Teen Texting Taking a Toll Lack of Sleep May Impact rail Performance and Mood 1). Furthermore, if texting is causing sleep deprivation, than the health of adolescents and their performance academically is at stake. Likewise, the emotional development of adolescents is taking a gong due to the rapid growth of texting. Many teens keep in touch with their parents throughout the day due to instant contact of texting.Due to this many teens have an attachment problem. Sherry Turkle studies have shown that with the constant contact of students par ents teens lack independence and the ability to make decisions of their own (Texting is not talking 1). This means that instead of teens maturing on their own, they are becoming more dependent. Teens are very important in society because they are our future. If texting is negatively affecting teens developments, than there is no future. Texting needs to be limited in order for adolescences to mature into independent, intellectual adults.In continuation, different types of human relationships have also been affected by the rapid growth of text messaging. Family structure is important in society because how kids are taught at home resemble their actions in public. Families are important to give advice, love, and support. But texting has played a key role in decreasing the amount of time families spend together. Teens are always texting to their peers, which normally isolates themselves from the rest of their family. Even at dinner time, numerous amounts of parents have said they have caught their child texting while at the dinner table. But it is not just teens, parents do it as well. more or less parents usually text excessively for work, making it hard to spend time with their children. A parent-child relationship cannot be strengthen when a child or a parent is texting excessively which makes it harder for children to lose crucial life skills(Michele Borba 1).In romantic relationships, texting is a key attribute in many relationships. April Jones says that texting is major in her relationship and that she texts her boyfriend 20 times a day at least(Jefferson Graham 1). This means that April and her boyfriend have instant contact with each other which means less space and privacy. In continuation, some couples even call it quits through texting instead of face-to-face or a phone call. In a survey, 30% of the people surveyed said they have been dumped through texting and another 24% say it is acceptable to dump someone via text( Jefferson Graham 1). This mean s that text has change magnitude the emotional aspect of relationships and breaking up.Peter Tollner had experienced a break up via text and that most of the communication had been through texting even though they work in the same office( Jefferson Graham 1.) This means that romantic relationships have shifted to texting instead of affectionate time spent together. Bonds and relationships are important and in order to maintain these bonds time must be spent with one another. But with the increase of texting, family relationships and romantic relationships have changed for the worst.Furthermore, texting has ultimately became a distraction for many people of all ages. In the classroom, many teachers have caught their students texting. Schools across the nation have banned the use of cell phones in the classroom. But students continue to use their cell phones to buffalo chip up on their peers or even text someone in their classroom. According to studies by Professors Deborah Tindell and Robert Bohlander, 95% of students bring their cell phone to class and 91% text while in class(Audrey Watters College Students Admit To Shocking Text Messaging Habits in Class 1). Of course it varies from school to school and class to class, but the number of students using cell phones in class is steadily increasing. This increase in cell phone use in class distracts students from the lesson and contributes to poor performances academically.Furthermore, what is worst than distractions in the classroom is distraction on the road due to texting. The numbers of people that are dying due to texting while has increased over the years. mass who text while driving put themselves and others lives in danger. Even thought many states have banned DWT or driving while texting, but a sunrise(prenominal) survey shows that 26% stiil do it and 60% of the 24% are from ages 16-19(Robert Roy Britt 1). This means that lives, especially youth lives, are in danger. According to studies, 16,000 deat hs have been caused from texting while driving in a course of six years, 2002-2007,(Stephanie Hanes 1). The addictive aspects of texting have affected people so much they do it everywhere and anywhere they can. People do it in classrooms, in restaurants, and even while driving. Texting has become a major distraction in the classroom and even on the road.In continuation, texting has become people, especially adolescences, social lives and without texting many people would not know what to do. 57 % of students feel that their cell phones are a key to their social lives and 47% of that 57% feel that their social lives will get worse if their cell phones were taking from them. To maintain a healthy social life people must realise and enjoy an activity or spend time with each other. But now some people feel as if their the main part of a social life is communicating by texting instead of gathering together. Dr. Martin Joffe surveyed teens and found out that many students text about a hu ndred times a day(Katie Hafner 1). This means that most of time that teens spend together is not actually with each other but texting one another. With the rapid increase of texting, a new form of harassment is being displayed through texting. 39% of high school students said that they have been bullied through text messaging(Text-message bullying becoming more uncouth 1).This means that rumors and nasty things are being said about teenagers through texting. This can ruin someones social life and even quell someones self-esteem. Bullying has been around for years, but with instant communication of texting more things can be spread to more people faster than ever. complaisant life is key for adolescence development. Texting has changed social life by communicating in person to texting being a number one form of communication. Texting has become a curse that has hindered many aspects of society such as communication, attentiveness, teenagers, social lives, and relationships. Textin g has become a huge phenomena that is changing how adolescence develop mature. With the increase of texting, people no longer have to put forth the effort to do things that are normally done in person. Texting has made people more dependent and it has worsen slender thinking. Therefore, texting has become a problem that has negatively affected the skills and abilities of society.